- Comparing the Perception of Dentists and Lay People to Altered Dental Esthetics
This study was designed to determine the perception of lay people and dental professionals with respect to minor variations in anterior tooth size and alignment and their relation to the surrounding soft tissues.
- Comparing the Perception of Dentists and Lay People to Altered Dental Esthetics (reprint)
This study was designed to determine the perceptions of lay people and dental professionals with respect to minor variations in anterior tooth size and alignment and their relation to the surrounding soft tissues.
- Correcting Anterior Esthetic Dilemmas - Part 1: When and Why? (in German)
This investigation has evaluated the perception of orthodontists, general dentists, and a lay group to intentionally altered dental esthetics. In our previous study we altered esthetics symmetrically. In this study, we sought to determine if asymmetric alteration of teeth and tissue would have a greater negative impact on attractiveness of a patient’s smile.
- Creating the Interdisciplinary Treatment Plan: Beginning with Esthetics (in German)
The purpose of this article is to provide the reader with
a systematic method of evaluating and planning treatment for
the multidisciplinary dental patient in a logical, interdisciplinary
manner.
- Esthetics and Anterior Tooth Position: An Orthodontic Perspective - Part III: Mediolateral Position
Tooth position plays a vital role in anterior dental esthetics. Part I in this series discussed the interdisciplinary treatment of uneven crown lengths of the maxillary incisors. In Part II, problems with the vertical location of anterior teeth were addressed. In the final portion of this three-part series, problems in the mediolateral position of the maxillary anterior teeth are identified.
- Esthetics and Anterior Tooth Position: An Orthodontic Perspective Part II: Vertical Position
Orthodontics plays a major role in dental esthetics. In part I of this series the evaluation and treatment of discrepancies in crown length were discussed. Part II describes the assessment and correction of vertical malposition of the maxillary anterior teeth.
- Esthetics and Anterior Tooth Position: An Orthodontic Perspective. Part I: Crown Length
Orthodontics plays a major role in dental esthetics, other than aligning malposed anterior teeth. Factors such as anterior crown length, crown width, midline proportions, tooth angulations, and vertical tooth positions may be critical to anterior dental esthetics.
- Esthetics and Vertical Tooth Position: Orthodontic Possibilities
This article describes the indication, methods, and results achieved when orthodontics preceded restorative dentistry in the treatment of various esthetic challenges.
- Interdisciplinary Management of Anterior Dental Esthetics
This article describes an interdisciplinary approach to the diagnosis and management of anterior dental esthetics.
- Open gingival embrasures after orthodontic treatment in adults: Prevalence and etiology
The purposes of this study were to determine the prevalence of posttreatment open gingival embrasures in adult orthodontic patients and to examine the association of pretreatment maxillary incisor malalignment, posttreatment alveolar bone height, interproximal contact position, root angulation, crown shape, and embrasure area with open gingival embrasures.
- Perceptions of dental professionals and laypersons to altered dental esthetics: Asymmetric and symmetric situations
Previous studies evaluated the perception of laypersons to symmetric alteration of anterior
dental esthetics. However, no studies have evaluated the perception of asymmetric esthetic alterations. This
investigation will determine whether asymmetric and symmetric anterior dental discrepancies are detectable
by dental professionals and laypersons.
- Adult Orthodontics in the 21st Century: Guidelines for Achieving Successful Results
This article will describe a series of five guidelines to help manage the interrelationship of orthodontics with periodontics and restorative dentistry.
- Clinical Options for Managing Congenitally Missing Mandibular Second Premolars (in German)
This article has described and illustrated several methods of
managing the patient who is congenitally missing mandibular
second premolars. In the past, orthodontists primarily made the
treatment decisions in these types of patients. However, with the
addition of newer solutions to restoring edentulous spaces, surgeons
and restorative dentists may play a significant role in helping
to manage these types of orthodontic patients. Although the
orthodontist may see these patients at a young age, some of the
decisions that are made at that time will affect the patient for a
lifetime. This article has emphasized the interdisciplinary
aspects of treating a patient who is congenitally missing their
mandibular second premolars, in order to provide the patient
with the best possible result that teamwork dentistry can offer.
- Correcting Anterior Esthetic Dilemmas - Part 2: What and How? (in German)
This article attempts to accomplish two objectives. First of all, as
clinicians, we should only recommend esthetic correction of
tooth malposition, if it is truly unattractive to the lay public.
Much of what dentists believe about esthetic relationships is
simply theory. The study that is repeatedly referenced in this article
actually gives the clinician some scientifically generated
guidelines to assess the severity of specific esthetic relationships.
The second objective of the article is to give the interdisciplinary
team some guidelines to follow when determining the
most appropriate solution for each particular unesthetic situation.
The criteria given in this article may seem simplistic to
some clinicians, but they are easy to understand by all members
of the interdisciplinary team. This common diagnostic approach
insures that no matter who on the team is evaluating the patient,
the appropriate solution will be selected consistently. This is the
interdisciplinary approach to esthetic dentistry.
- Counterpoint: Congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisors: Restorative replacement
There are several restorative options for the replacement
of congenitally missing lateral incisors, including
resin-bonded bridge, cantilevered bridge, and conventional
full-coverage bridge. Each of these restorative
options has a high degree of success if used in the correct
situation. However, in the United States today, the
most common treatment alternative is the single-tooth
implant. The main advantage of this type of restoration
is conservation of tooth structure. It leaves the adjacent
teeth intact. The orthodontist’s role is to provide the
coronal and apical spacing necessary to facilitate any
future restorative dentistry and implant placement.
Therefore, it is imperative to manage these patients
from an interdisciplinary diagnostic and treatment
perspective. By creating that team, the orthodontist, restorative
dentist, and surgeon can produce predictable
and esthetic treatment results.
- Early Management of Congenitally Missing Teeth
This article will discuss the importance of early diagnosis and intervention in order to
preserve various treatment options in the future.
- Esthetics: The Orthodontic-Periodontic-Restorative Connection
This article will discuss the solutions for managing these challenging orthodontic-periodontic-restorative situations to produce a more ideal esthetic result.
- Inheriting the Unhappy Patient: An Interdisiplinary Case Report
A serious problem that challenges any interdisciplinary team is inheriting treatment that is already in progress but not proceeding appropriately in the eyes of the patient. The following case report illustrates the unfortunate consequences of uncoordinated and unplanned multidisciplinary treatment that was recognized by the patient and brought to the attention of the treating dentist. We demonstrate the steps that were necessary to treat this patient in an interdisciplinary manner and satisfy her functional and esthetic goals for her dentition.
- Interdisciplinary Management of a Patient with a Skeletal Deformity
Patients with a skeletal aberration that results in a malocclusion are not uncommon in our patioent population. Several treatment options exist for these patients, from undertaking no treatment at all to performing complex orthodontics, orthognathic surgery, and restorative therapies.
- Interdisciplinary Management of Congenitally Missing Lateral Incisors
Several treatment options exist for the replacement of congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisors. These options include canine substitution, resin-bonded fixed partial dentures, cantilevered fixed partial dentures, conventional fixed partial dentures, and single tooth implants.
- Interrelationship of Orthodontics with Periodontics and Restorative Dentistry
This chapter will elucidate the dilemmas encountered in the orthodontic patient with multidisciplinary problems and describe a series of 10 guidelines to help manage the interrelationship of orthodontics with periodontics and restorative dentistry.
- Managing Congenitally Missing Lateral Incisors Part 1: Canine Substitution
This article closely examines patient selection and illustrates the importance of interdisciplinary
treatment planning to achieve optimal esthetics. This article is the first of a three-part series discussing the
three treatment alternatives for replacing missing lateral incisors.
- Managing Congenitally Missing Lateral Incisors, Part I: Canine Substitution
This article closely examines patient selection and illustrates the importance of interdisciplinary
treatment planning to achieve optimal esthetics. It is the first in a three-part series discussing the
three treatment alternatives for replacing missing lateral incisors.
- Managing Congenitally Missing Lateral Incisors, Part III: Single-Tooth Implants
This is the final article of a three-part series discussing the three treatment alternatives for replacing congenitally missing lateral incisors.
- Managing Congentally Missing Lateral Incisors, Part II: Tooth-Supported Restorations
This article is the second of a three-part series discussing the three treatment alternatives for replacing congenitally missing lateral incisors.
- Maximizing Anterior Esthetics: An Interdisciplinary Approach
This chapter will illustrate the orthodontist's responsibility and role in maximizing dental esthetics for the restorative patient. The information will be divided into four parts based upon the esthetic perspective that is being evaluated: midline, mediolateral incisal angulation, incisal plane, and gingiva-to-lip relationship.
- Point: Congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisors: Canine substitution
A team approach combining carefully performed orthodontic
space closure and esthetic porcelain veneers
on several teeth will make it possible to treat patients
with agenesis of at least 1 maxillary lateral incisor to
a result that provides the look of an intact natural dentition. Advantages of such an approach
are that (1) child patients will get the final result already
as young teenagers, (2) the overall treatment can be
completed after the orthodontic intervention, and (3)
long-term adaptations of the teeth and supporting
structures will appear natural.
- Adjunctive Role of Orthodontic Therapy
This chapter shows the ways in which adjunctive orthodontic therapy can enhance the periodontal health and restorability of teeth
- Long-term effect of root proximity on periodontal health after orthodontic treatment
The present investigation was done (1) to evaluate the incidence and distribution of root proximity after orthodontic treatment and (2) to test the hypothesis that interproximal areas with thin interdental bone provide less resistance against marginal periodontal breakdown than areas with normal width of bone between the roots.
- Managing Orthodontic Treatment for the Adult Patient with Periodontal Problems (in German)
This article discusses and illustrates the benefits of integrating
orthodontics and periodontics in the management of adult patients
with underlying periodontal osseous defects. The key to
treating these types of patients is communication and proper diagnosis
before orthodontic therapy as well as continued dialogue
during orthodontic treatment. Not all periodontal problems
are treated in the same way. Hopefully, this discussion of
horizontal bone loss, intrabony defects, hemiseptal defects, furcation
problems, root proximity, fractured teeth, and periodontally
and restoratively hopeless teeth provides the clinician
with a framework that will be helpful in treating these situations.
- Managing Treatment for the Orthodontic Patient with Periodontal Problems
In this article, the diagnosis and management of several periodontal problems is discussed. The need for and timing of pre orthodontic periodontal surgery for these situations is elucidated. In addition, the types of tooth movement that will ameliorate these problematic situations is described. This information is valuable for the orthodontist who treats patients with underlying periodontal problems.
- Orthodontic Therapy for the Periodontal-Restorative Patient
The purpose of this chapter is to illustrate how orthodontic therapy can enhance the periodontal health and restorability of teeth and implants.
- The Esthetic Management of a Severe Isolated Periodontal Defect in the Maxillary Anterior
The purpose of this article is to describe how one patient who
presented with a severe isolated periodontal defect in the
anterior was treated. It is our hope that the readers will be
aware of the benefits of interdisciplinary treatment planning
in a patient such as this. Despite the progress in regenerative
procedures and implants, patients such as this one would be
very difficult to treat if the lateral incisor had been removed
at the beginning of treatment.
- The Role of Orthodontics as an Adjunct to Periodontal Therapy
This chapter shows the ways in which adjunctive orthodontic therapy can enhance the periodontal health and restorability of teeth.
- Altering Vertical Dimension in the Perio-Restorative Patient: The Orthodontic Possibilities
Orthodontic tooth intrusion of severely abraded maxillary
and mandibular incisors is a viable, realistic, and appropriate
method for repositioning the maxillary and mandibular
incisors into their original position, so they can be restored
more conservatively by the restorative dentist. This is a perfect
example of the value of interdisciplinary treatment in a
challenging adult restorative case.
- Guidelines for Managing the Orthodontic-Restorative Patient
This article will provide a series of eight guideline to help the interdisciplinary team manage treatment for the orthodontic-restorative patient.
- Interdisciplinary Management of Anterior Guidance: A Case Report
This case report shows how orthodontics
and restorative dentistry
can accomplish treatment results that
would not have been possible if either
of these disciplines had been applied
independently. Establishing anterior
guidance, leveling gingival margins, restoring
edentulous spaces, and establishing
a balanced occlusion were only
possible through the combined efforts
of both disciplines. Through careful
planning using diagnostic wax-ups, the
various problems with this patient’s
teeth could be treated effectively, efficiently,
and conservatively.
- Managing Orthodontic-Restorative Treatment for the Adolescent Patient
This chapter will use many examples to illustrate the key steps in managing the adolescent patient that requires orthodontic and restorative treatment.
- Managing the patient with missing or malformed maxillary central incisors
This article has presented and discussed the early
management and treatment of 5 patients, who were
missing at least 1 maxillary central incisor at early ages.
Several solutions were presented. Unfortunately, in
these situations, bold decisions must often be made
quickly, because the loss of a maxillary central incisor
typically occurs accidentally or as the result of intentional
extraction of a malformed tooth. This information
should give the clinician some helpful guidelines
for managing patients with missing maxillary central
incisors.
- Ortho-Restorative Management of the Patient With Missing or Malformed Maxillary Central Incisors - (in German)
This article presents and discusses the early management and
treatment of five patients, who were missing one or more maxillary
central incisors at an early age. Several solutions are presented.
Unfortunately, in these situations bold decisions must
often be made quickly, because the loss of a maxillary central incisor
typically occurs accidentally or as the result of intentional
extraction of a malformed tooth. Hopefully this information will
provide the clinician with some helpful guidelines in the management
of patients with missing maxillary central incisors.
- Orthodontic and Nonorthodontic Root Resorption: Their Impact on Clinical Dental Practice
Occasionally, general dentists are challenged with providing restorative treatment for a postorthodontic patient who
has had moderate to severe root resorption. When this happens, a number of questions about the cause of such resorption and the
appropriate treatment arise in the dentist’s mind. This article will describe the orthodontic and restorative management of three
patients with severe maxillary incisor root resorption, provide a thorough discussion of the currently available literature on the
topic of root resorption, and answer clinical questions regarding this relatively infrequent but devastating sequel to orthodontic
treatment.
- Restoration and retention of maxillary anteriors with severe root resorption
The authors describe the treatment of three patients who had severe apical root resorption of maxillary lateral incisors caused by ectopically erupting canines. Ectopically erupting canines derive from a normal path of eruption and may cause resorption of the adjacent teeth.
- Using orthodontic intrusion of abraded incisors to facilitate restoration: The technique's effects on alveolar bone level and root length
The authors examined the effects of
orthodontic intrusion of abraded incisors in adult
patients to facilitate restoration, focusing specifically
on changes in alveolar bone level and root length.
- Determining the cessation of vertical growth of the craniofacial structures to facilitate placement of single-tooth implants
Single-tooth implants are commonly used to replace congenitally missing teeth in adolescent orthodontic
patients. However, if implants are placed before cessation of facial growth, they will submerge relative to the
adjacent erupting teeth. Therefore, it is important to know when facial growth is complete in postpubertal orthodontic
patients. The purposes of this study were to determine and quantify the amount of vertical growth of the facial skeleton
and the amount of eruption of the central incisors and the maxillary first molars after puberty.
- Facial Development, Continuous Tooth Eruption, and Mesial Drift as Compromising Factors for Implant Placement
It is evident that jaw growth may compromise the outcome of oral rehabilitation using implant supported prostheses even if the implants are successfully integrated. Lack of proper occlusion and unesthetic situations can occur, especially in the anterior region. The timeframe for the development of the alveolar process can vary widely, especially in the case of long or short facial types. The risks posed by continuous tooth eruption in adulthood should also be considered. Too often, only the growing child and adolescent are considered challenges.
- Interdisciplinary Management of Single-Tooth Implants
This article will discuss the many interdisciplinary issues that are involved in placing and restoring single-tooth implants in orthodontic patients.
- Maxillary Lateral Incisor Implants: Planning With the Aid of Orthodontics
Implants are commonly used to replace congenitally missing lateral incisors in adolescent orthodontic patients. However, these restorations are often challenging for the orthodontist, surgeon, and restorative dentis. This article will use several clinical examples to discuss 6 potential problems and provide guidelines for their solutions.
- Maxillary Lateral Incisor Implants: The Orthodontic Perspective
This article will use several clinical examples to discuss each of these six potential problems and provide guidelines for their solutions.
- Temporary Restoration of Maxillary Lateral Incisor Implant Sites
This article describes two reasons why placing a miniscrew in an adolescent orthodontic patient who will eventually receive an implant restoration to replace a missing maxillary lateral incisor is not recommended.
